Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. Requirements for equipment and tools. Bull float means a tool used to spread out and smooth concrete. They may be convenient and economical but one fall that results in a doctor visit will be more expensive than purchasing a manufactured step-stool. The area must remain in place until it “is adequately supported to prevent overturning and to prevent collapse”. The limited access area can be eliminated once the bracing is in place. Requirements for masonry construction. The limited access zone shall be equal to the height of the wall to reconstructed plus four feet, and shall run the entire length of the wall.

The limited access zone shall be restricted to entry by employees actively engaged in constructing the wall. All masonry walls over eight feet in height shall be adequately braced to prevent overturning and to prevent collapse unless the wall is adequately supported so that it will not overturn or collapse.


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Requirements for cast-in-place concrete. Requirements for lift-slab construction operations. Lift slab means a method of concrete construction in which floor, and roof slabs are cast on or at ground level and, using jacks, lifted into position.

Limited access zone means an area alongside a masonry wall, which is under construction, and which is clearly demarcated to limit access by employees. If the electrician or plumber knows when a masonry wall will be constructed they can plan not to be in the vicinity when that work is going on thus avoiding the hazard.

The limited access zone shall be established prior to the start of construction of the wall. The limited access zone shall be established on the side of the wall which will be unscaffolded. The limited access zone shall remain in place until the wall is adequately supported to prevent overturning and to prevent collapse unless the height of wall is over eight feet, in which case, the limited access zone shall remain in place until the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section have been met.

Masonry saws shall be guarded with a semicircular enclosure over the blade. All shoring equipment (including equipment used in reshoring operations) shall be inspected prior to erection to determine that the equipment meets the requirements specified in the formwork drawings.

The single post shores shall be adequately braced in two mutually perpendicular directions at the splice level. Reshoring shall not be removed until the concrete being supported has attained adequate strength to support its weight and all loads in place upon it.

Requirements for lift-slab construction operations. Jacking equipment shall be capable of supporting at least two and one-half times the load being lifted during jacking operations and the equipment shall not be overloaded.

Jacking operations shall be synchronized in such a manner to ensure even and uniform lifting of the slab. The maximum number of manually controlled jacks/lifting units on one slab shall be limited to a number that will permit the operator to maintain the slab level within specified tolerances of paragraph (g) of this section, but in no case shall that number exceed 14.

Under no circumstances, shall any employee who is not essential to the jacking operation be permitted immediately beneath a slab while it is being lifted.

For the purpose of paragraph (k) of this section, a jacking operation begins when a slab or group of slabs is lifted and ends when such slabs are secured (with either temporary connections or permanent connections).

WAC 296 155 697

Limited Access Zones Around Masonry Wall Construction Requirements Except
When making temporary connections to support slabs, wedges shall be secured by tack welding, or an equivalent method of securing the wedges to prevent them from falling out of position.

All welding on temporary and permanent connections shall be performed by a certified welder, familiar with the welding requirements specified in the plans and specifications for the lift-slab operation.

Load transfer from jacks/lifting units to building columns shall not be executed until the welds on the column shear plates (weld blocks) are cooled to air temperature.

In addition, the surrounding supports must be capable of resisting any additional load transferred to them as a result of the loss of support at the lifting jack considered.

The limited access zone shall be established prior to the start of construction of the wall. The limited access zone shall be equal to the height of the wall to be constructed plus four feet, and shall run the entire length of the wall.

The limited access zone shall be established on the side of the wall which will be unscaffolded. The limited access zone shall remain in place until the wall is adequately supported to prevent overturning and to prevent collapse unless the height of wall is over eight feet, in which case, the limited access zone shall remain in place until the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section have been met.

However, the prior standard continues to apply to demolition and underground construction work.


Wall Ties, Wall Anchors & Brick Bonding (Mike Haduck)

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